Regarding the safety of using the program in general or an online portal (node or gateway) and how it is controlled by the server's administrator in Hellas-FRN: The following image shows the capabilities of the server manager to ensure that other users will operate within the framework of a normal and safe broadcast through the simple use of a computer or a web portal on the amateur radio frequencies. The 4 colored "option buttons" are managed by only one. To a simple user of the program they do not appear and consequently the specific user is not able to change the usage status assigned to him by the server administrator. The manager can respectively: 1. Access list , (Λίστα Πρόσβασης) to allow access or not to a communications room, as well as the ability to broadcast with the web portal or not. This possibility is not intended by the program to be transferred to another. It belongs exclusively to the owner of the server. This list includes those who request access and are proven to be radio amateurs with a valid radio license. 2. Block list , (Λίστα Αποκλεισμού) to immediately block someone's access to the room if he behaves outside the defined limits of his use. In essence, it immediately stops him from connecting to the server. Resetting it requires a new action to remove it from the list, otherwise it remains permanently blocked. 3. Gag list , (Λίστα Φίμωσης) to prevent anyone in the room from speaking, or consequently to cause a broadcast to a web portal. He can only listen. It is applied in cases of technical problems that the specific person may have in the operation of the program and harasses the others to chat seamlessly. Resetting it requires an action to remove it from the list, otherwise it remains permanently muted. 4.List of approved administrators , (Λίστα Εγκεκριμένων Διαχειριστών) to delegate part of the server admin capabilities to radio amateurs operating radio stations as web portals as solely responsible owners of the station, through surveillance or for specific reasons and any other ordinary user with a computer in the communication room and they must also be able to block or mute a speaker who behaves outside the normal scope of using a transceiver on an amateur radio frequency. Authorization is personal and per communication room. In all the above restrictions imposed on a case-by-case basis by authorized persons on some others, for the sake of formality, the same persons who impose the specific measure should monitor the removal of the problem for reinstatement or continuation of the restriction. The features that can be transferred from the server administrator to other people ONLY concern cases 2 and 3 above. That is, authorized people can only block or mute someone.

To connect to ZELLO's HELLAS-FRN channel so that through it you can access the communications room of Hellas-FRN which is for radio amateurs, you must first create a Zello account and indeed along with the username to be and the your amateur radio badge, in a way that is visible during your connection. The participants in this channel are those who have registered at Hellas-FRN.net and are radio amateurs with a station license wireless in force. This requirement comes from the capacity that each active member has in their Zello channel to activate radios through Hellas-FRN. The link is made with the Ham1 room which contains only VHF radios, as shown in the photo below. This is achieved on the one hand by Zello which works as a gateway (and not with VOX as as usual, which presents serious communication delay problems), and besides the possibility of the FRN program to work in the crosslink position for cooperation two programs with controlled PTT on broadcast and SQL on reception over independent COMs at TTL level. The adjacent photo shows an example of connecting to Zello and specifically to the channel of HELLAS-FRN. The yellow boxes show fellow radio amateurs with a visible badge, where after checking that they have registered they have been designated as "trusted" (Trusted or not is the translation of the terminology used by Zello). The names shown in the red box are waiting to be designated as Trusted by the administrator. This state of Zello comes from the setting that access to the channel is by approval. People there can only listen to the conversations of colleagues at the top of the app, but they can talk to the program administrator or moderators for access instructions or something else. As mentioned at the beginning of the page, those who are in the "untrusted" list they are considered as pending access approval. It is necessary to have their badge visible and to have registered at Hellas-FRN.net. Radio amateur callsign and CBr callsign next to it is not a problem, neither for approval nor for use, as it is considered that the colleague in this case is acting as a radio amateur and not as a CBr. Other forms of nouns or diminutives or attributives - descent they cannot be approved for communications security reasons by pure radio amateurs, since random names do not identify radio amateur status. Also subtly only club CB are not approved. The names in the red box in the adjacent photo are taken as a real example of the above mentioned. It is impossible their classification as trustworthy as long as they state plain names or surnames or toponyms, information from which does not indicate whether they are radio amateurs. Note: They may be , but it is not listed and thus the radio amateur status is not recognized. There are some who really aren't and are connected there on Zello for simple listening.

Press on the image to proceed C4FM C4FM stands for Continuous Four Level Frequency Modulation and is a FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) modulation method. C4FM is a digital modulation technology. What your radio uses over the air to talk digitally to other digital radios and repeaters. Wires-X Wires-X is a technology that runs on top of System Fusion. It provides a network of repeaters. Wires-X has a concept called rooms where multiple repeaters and nodes can connect and talk to each other. A room is similar to a reflector in D-Star, a Talk Group in DMR and a conference in Echolink. Wires-X provides a directory of connected rooms and manages the connections from Nodes/Repeaters to each room. In addition, Wires-X provides a way from the radio to change to a different room, search rooms and more. Some radios have more features than others because of touch screens, etc. There is also the ability to send messages and pictures, put them in a common message store on each node or room for others to read (think of news). Without Wires-X, System Fusion is just a communication protocol. YSF YSF short for Yaesu System Fusion really is not a Yaesu technology when looking at the YSF servers. It is another method of creating a room where other System Fusion users can connect together. Unlike Wires-X, there is no central management of the rooms that are up and available. There are directories of YSF servers (for example: https://register.ysfreflector.de/ and many of the digital softwares you run on your computer also maintain lists for easy selection. The important thing to note is that System Fusion repeaters cannot directly access these servers. To get from Wires-X on Yaesu System Fusion to a YSF server, you need a bridge (more on that in a bit). You can find YSF rooms connected on some repeaters that are running the MMDVM software as their repeater controller. Some of you may also know it as Pi-Star which is a pretty interface over the MMDVM software. Fusion This is the name that Yaesu has given their implementation of C4FM. The full name is really System Fusion. It is not a new technology but a marketing term created by Yaesu for referring to their C4FM. You can learn about System Fusion on the Yaesu website here: http://systemfusion.yaesu.com/what-is-system-fusion/ Bridge A bridge is a way of connecting 2 different protocols or technology together. It is similar in concept to a cross band repeater that for example takes in a signal on 2 Meters and transmits it back out on 70cm. Since YSF cannot directly talk to Wires-X, there is a bridge that can talk to both YSF and Wires-X. When it hears something on Wires-X it sends it to YSF and the opposite happens when it hears something on YSF. There are multiple ways you can bridge between the networks. One method is simply setting up a Wires-X node with a radio and setting up a YSF/FCS node with a radio on the same frequency. Very similar to what cross band repeat does. There are some that may be able to make the translation using software. For example, a our XLX reflector translates from Brandmeister DMR TG 20222 to XLX165 Module B all in software digitally. It never decodes the audio. That is possible because both use the AMBE2 format. For example, if you wanted to take the same DMR and put it on D-Star you would need to drop it to audio first and back because D-Star uses the older AMBE protocol. Since Fusion, YSF and FCS are all using AMBE2, it can be done easily in software. It is possible that there is a bridge between Wires-X and YSF and then one between YSF and FCS with no bridge between FCS and Wires-X. This would mean that when someone keys up on A Wires-X repeater, it would connect to YSF via a Bridge and then YSF would connect with FCS through a bridge. It can get very complicated and it is important to remember that every bridge adds delay. Too much delay and people are talking over each other.

HAM1 HAM1 HAM1 HAM1 HAM2 HAM2 HAM2 HAM2 HAM1 HAM1 HAM1 HAM1 HAM2 HAM2 HAM2 HAM2 HAM3 HAM3 HAM3 HAM3 HAM4 HAM4 HAM4 HAM4

Click on the image to proceed The full form of NXDN is Narrowband Digital Exchange. It is defined by two main organizations viz. Icom Incorporated and Kenwood Corporation. It operates in VHF/UHF frequency bands and uses FDMA technology. Following are the specifications of NXDN. • NXDN offers clear voice quality with minimal background noise and interference. • NXDN offers secure communication through its digital encryption capabilities. • NXDN operates on either a 12.5 kHz channel or a 6.25 kHz channel bandwidth. It allows single carrier on one channel at a time. • NXDN supports multi-site trunking which enables seamless communication over a wide area by interconnecting multiple base stations. • NXDN supports data applications such as text messaging, telemetry, status monitoring and GPS location tracking. • NXDN offers better coverage and extends range compared to analog radio systems. • Some NXDN systems support roaming capabilities. • Many NXDN radios support both digital and analog modes which facilitates a smooth transition from analog to digital systems.

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GRN Client program to use mobile with a cell phone to contact hamradio operators via hellas-frn server. For a better visual presentation of the GRN settings press the button labeled "Click here" below Instructions for connecting the FRN Client to the program for Android. After installing the program on the mobile, follow the steps below to set it up by entering your personal account information. Note that in the initial installation of the program there is a default to request a password from the Alternate System Manager (DE), since he is the one who has also issued the program. When this is done and you get a password, you will be able to log in and you will see that the hellas-frn.ddns.net server is there, connected to Alternative. So choose (DE) to avoid delays and failures. In some photos, a Greek keyboard can be seen by mistake. You MUST use English characters exactly as listed in your existing account. Android operating system is used in the photos below 13 on SAMSUNG mobile. Minor differences may be observed in other Android versions. Since December 2023 there are two versions of GRN Client , depending on the Android version you use in your cellphone. Version V 4.xx is for Android V6 to V8 and you can download it HERE. Version V 5.xx is for Android V9 and higher and you can download it HERE. Connect to the serverhellas-frn.ddns.net:10024 and communication room the General or Test as a start for the sound settings and then select one of the active rooms for radio amateurs provided you have been granted entry through Registration . GRN Client Android Κάνετε την εγκατάσταση σύμφωνα με τις οδηγίες. Στις εφαρμογές σας θα εμφανιστεί ένα εικονίδιο όπως αυτό που φαίνεται πάνω αριστερά στη φωτό. Μετά πατήστε να ανοίξει η εφαρμογή. Πατήστε εδώClick here Ξεκινάτε με την επιλογή από το μενού "Ρυθμίσεις" Πατήστε εδώClick here Ξεκινήστε να συμπληρώνετε με τη σειρά όπως φαίνονται τα αντίστοιχα σημεία της σελίδας... Πατήστε εδώClick here Πατήστε την επιλογή Διακομιστής FRN System Manager και επιλέξτε την DE (πρώτη επιλογή). Προσοχή, εδώ δείχνει την προηγούμενη κατάσταση η οποία όμως άλλαξε και πλέον επιλέγετε τον DE με τον οποίο συνεργάζεται ο Hellas-FRN Πατήστε εδώClick here Η διεύθυνση του κυρίως σέρβερ είναι hellas-frn.ddns.net και με πόρτα 10024. Υπόψη ότι υπάρχει και εφεδρικός σέρβερ με το όνομα hellasfrn.ddns.net και πόρτα 10024, τον οποίο τον βάζετε χειροκίνητα γιατί δεν ενεργοποιείται αυτόματα όπως σε windows όταν ο κυρίως σέρβερ "πέσει" για κάποιο λόγο. Πατήστε εδώClick here Επιλέγετε ένα από τα δωμάτια επικοινωνιών, εδώ φαίνεται το Ham1, αλλά στην περίπτωση που δεν έχετε πάρει ακόμη έγκριση για πρόσβαση στον Ελληνικό σέρβερ, βάλτε το δωμάτιο "Test" . Πατήστε εδώClick here Γράψτε το διακριτικό σας με κεφαλαία ώστε να είναι ευανάγνωστο. Πατήστε εδώClick here Συνεχίστε με το όνομά σας (στα Αγγλικά). Προσοχή στο ότι με αυτό το τύπο του ονόματος (μαζί με το email που θα γράψετε στην επόμενη γραμμή) είναι τα χαρακτηριστικά του λογαριασμού σας που θα βασιστεί ο system manager για να σας δώσει κωδικό λειτουργίας της εφαρμογής και πρόσβασης σε σέρβερς γενικά. Πατήστε εδώClick here Γράψτε την διεύθυνση του ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδρομίου σας και με προσοχή για τυχόν λάθη. Σε αυτή τη διεύθυνση θα σας έρθει ο κωδικός. Πατήστε εδώClick here Ακόμη στη θέση κωδικός δεν συμπληρώνουμε κάτι εφόσον ακόμη δεν έχουμε κάνει αίτημα για αυτό. Το αφήνετε κενό και θα επανέλθετε να τον συμπληρώσετε όταν τον λάβετε με email. Πατήστε εδώClick here Επιλέξτε στον τύπο του FRN-Client το PC only μιας και πρόκειται για τηλέφωνο με κύρια χρήση την απλή συνομιλία. Πατήστε εδώClick here Προχωρήστε στη συμπλήρωση και των υπολοίπων απαιτούμενων στοιχείων.... Πατήστε εδώClick here Ως αρχική κατάσταση επιλέξτε Διαθέσιμος (QRV) που σημαίνει ότι όταν στο τέλος θα συνδεθείτε θα μπορείτε να κάνετε χρήση του μικροφώνου σας, ενώ οι άλλες δύο επιλογές είναι: Μη διαθέσιμος (QRL) που σημαίνει ότι μόνο ακούτε, ενώ στο Απών (QRT) ούτε ακούτε αλλά ούτε και μιλάτε. Πατήστε εδώClick here Στη θέση αυτή βάζετε πληροφορίες περί του λογαριασμού ή τη χρήση του. Πχ μπορείτε να γράψετε FRN Client, ή αν πρόκειται για διαδικτυακή πύλη το τυποποιημένο: Ham Radio FM Internet Voice Gateway Πατήστε εδώClick here Στο επόμενο επιλέγετε από τη λίστα (και όχι να αναγράψετε εσείς) τη χώρα. Πατήστε εδώClick here Γράψτε την πόλη (ευρύτερη περιοχή) που θα λειτουργεί ο Client. Εδώ βέβαια επειδή πρόκειται για φορητή συσκευή βάζετε την πόλη που έχετε δηλώσει στην άδειά σας (ως βάση σας) ή αν βρίσκεστε μονίμως κάπου αλλού δηλώστε το εδώ για καλύτερη κατανόηση στις συνομιλίες Πατήστε εδώClick here Εδώ συνμπληρώνετε το μέρος της πόλης σας για περισσότερη ακρίβεια. (και πάλι ισχύουν τα προαναφερθέντα για την θέση στην προηγούμενη φωτό). Επίσης μπορείτε να βάλετε και το Locator εδώ. Πατήστε εδώClick here Επιλέξτε τον τύπο του μικροφώνου. Η πρώτη επιλογή είναι και η πιο συνηθισμένη. Η αμέσως παρακάτω ρύθμιση για το επίπεδο κέρδους μικροφώνου είναι προαιρετική καθόσον μετά στις δοκιμές μπορείτε να έρθετε εδώ και να τραβήξετε την μπάρα δεξιά ή αριστερά για ρύθμιση της διαμόρφωσης. Πατήστε εδώClick here Προχωρήστε και στις υπόλοιπες ρυθμίσεις τουλάχιστον σε αυτές που είναι επιλεγμένες όπως φαίνονται σε αυτή τη φωτό, αλλά και στις επόμενες στη σειρά.... Πατήστε εδώClick here Πατήστε για επιλογή γλώσσας του προγράμματος... Πατήστε εδώClick here ...και επιλέξτε Ελληνικά Πατήστε εδώClick here Στις προσπάθειες σύνδεσης επιλέξτε όπως φαίνεται εδώ, που είναι ένας λογικός αριθμός προσπαθειών σύνδεσης (όταν υπάρχει πρόβλημα) πριν σας ενημερώσει για αποτυχία σύνδεσης για κάποιο λόγο. Πατήστε εδώClick here Πατήστε στον περιοριστή του χρόνου μετάδοσης για επιλογή σε δευτερόλεπτα του χρόνου που το πρόγραμμα θα σας αφήνει να κάνετε PTT και να μιλάτε. Πατήστε εδώClick here Επιλέξτε τα 120 δευτερόλεπτα ή τα 180 αν θέλετε, χρόνος που θεωρείται ικανός για μια απλή ανταπόκριση κάποιου χωρίς υπερβολές στο επίπεδο φλυαρίας. Υπόψη ότι το πρόβλημα δημιουργείται στις διαδικτυακές πύλες που βρίσκονται σε εκπομπή όταν εσείς μιλάτε και πρακτικά δεν θα πρέπει να απασχολούνται επί μακρόν. Ήδη όμως να γνωρίζετε ότι αυτές διαθέτουν χρονικό περιοριστή περίπου στα 180 δεύτερα οπότε ήδη χρονοβόρα μικρόφωνα και απαντήσεις πέραν των 3 λεπτών δεν ακούγονται. Πατήστε εδώClick here Το πρόγραμμα έχει τη δυνατότητα να καταγράφει την δραστηριότητα του δωματίου επικοινωνίας. Επιλέξτε την 3η επιλογή ως προς την πιο χρήσιμη. Πατήστε εδώClick here Click on the following options to see the usage of the GRN Client in car multimedia console: HELLAS-FRN and GRN-Mobile Digital networks and HELLAS-FRN (1) Digital networks and HELLAS-FRN (2) How do I install Android apps without Play Store Android device owners can install apps either through the official storesGoogle Play Store, either from independent app stores, or by downloading the APK files from various sources. Below is how one can install apps without Play Store. Install via APK In the preAndroid Oreo versions, the operating system had only one setting that needed to be changed. From then on, any app we had on our mobile could install apps without the Play Store. However, from Android 8.0 onwards we have to give permission to each app separately. Fortunately, we can find gathered all the apps that can install APK in a specific point of its settingssmartphones . First we enter the mobile settings and go to "Applications and notifications"(Εφαρμογές και ειδοποιήσεις). Then we open the “Special access to the application”(Ειδική πρόσβαση στην εφαρμογή) menu and find “Install unknown applications” (Εγκατ. άγνωστων εφ.). From the list of apps we select the one we want to install apps and make sure the "Allow from this source"(Να επιτρέπεται από αυτην την πηγή) switch is active. We repeat the last step for all applications that we want to be able to install APK files.